Carburetor for internal-combustion engines



Oct. 7. 1924.

P. MORELLINI ET AL CARBURETOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 2. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Nov.

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me //PFAT Oct. 7, 1924.

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CARBURETOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov.

Patented Oct. 7, 1924.

UNITED STATES PIERRE MORELLINI, VICTOR DUPRAT, AND HENRI EISENSCHMIDT, F LEVALLOIS- PERRET,

FRANCE.

CABBURETOR FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTIO'N ENGINES.

Application led November To all whom it may concern:

Be-it known that we, PIERRE MORELLINI, VICTOR DUPRAT, and HENRI EisnNscHMm'r, the first a subject of the King of Italy and the other two being citizens of the French Republic, and all residing in Levallois-Perret, Seine, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relatin to Carburetors for Internal-Combustion ngines, of which the following is a complete specification.

` This invention has for its object to provide an improved carburetor` for internal' combustion engines, designed in such a manner as to yallow the liquid fuel to be drawn :from the carburetorreservoir by .the suction of the engine, thereby ldispensing with any necessity for maintaining the liquid reservoir under pressure.

A constructional example of an improved carburetor according to this invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2, and

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a Vertical cross-section showing a modification of the carburetor.

Fi 4 is .a cross-section along the line A- of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a detail view in cross-section made approximately through a plane at ri ht angles with that of Fig. 3.

ig. 6 is a detail view of a link used in the carburetor.

As shown on Figs.

` 1 and 2, the improved carburetor comprises a container 1 of any suitable dimensions upon which are mounted a sprayer 2 for normal running and a sprayer 3 for dead-slow running, both of which may have any desired dimensions. 'I'his container is closed at its upper part by a lid 4 fastened for instance by means of any suitable number of screws. In this lid there is formed a liquid fuel supply duct 5 connected by a pipe connector 6 to a duct (not shown) leadin to a tank (likewise not shown) adapted to be mounted on a suitable point of the car in the case where the invention is applied to motor-cars.

The duct 5 opens into a passage 7 provided in the wall 8 of a bell 9 arranged 1n an inverted position in the interior of the con` 2, 1921. serial No. 512,311.

tainer 1, and held in a suitable position by means of screws 10 connecting its flange to the lid 4.

In the interior of the inverted bell 9 there 1s arranged a float 11 which-is guided at its lower part by a stem 12 entering a cavity 1n a recess in a projection on the bottom of the bell 9, and which comprises at its upper part' a stem 13 terminating in a needle valve 14Aadapted, in the upper position of the said tloat, to close the orifice of a duct l5 formed 1n the lid 4 and opening into the suction pipe 16 of the carburetor, preferably between the usual throttle 17 and the engine.

In this duct 15 there is arranged an automatic valve consisting for instance/of a ball 18 held in place by a plug 19. An air inlet duct 2() opening into the upper part of the bell 9A is likewise tted with an automatically operating ball valve 2l.

In the lower part of the bell 9 there is formed a discharge aperture 22 provided with a closing valve 23 carried by a rocking lever 24 provided with a closing counterweight 25 '.desigrned to keep the lvalve 23 in its closed position so long as the liquid fuel has not reached a determined height in the interior of the bell 9.

The operation of this improved carburetor is as follows During the working of the engine there is created in the pipe 16 a partial vacuum which produces by way of the duct 15 a suction in the interior of the bell 9; this suction acting likewise by Way of the duct 20 causes the valve 21 to bear against its seat and thus shut off all communication between the interior of the carburetor and the atmosphere. This suction is transmitted through the passage 7 and the duct 5 into the petrol tank, and thus draws the petrol into the bell 9. The petrol flowing into this bell raises the float l1, and when the petrol has reached a previously determined level the needle valve 14 carried by the float will be moved on to its seat so as to close the duct 15. Thereupon, since the engine suction can no longer exert any effect, the petrol ceases to tlow into the bell 9, and since the ball valve 21 is not bearing against its seat, the valve will drop and allow air to enter through the duct 20 into the bell 9. The valve 23 will thus open and allow the petrol contained in the bell 9 to flow into the coni.`

tainer 1. The aperture 22 is made of such a size that the discharge will empty the bell 9 quickly.

' The bell 9 being empty, the float 11 will sink and uncover anew the connecting orifice between the bell 9 and the duct 15, so that the engine `suction will act again anew in the bell 9 and in the petrol tank, thereby causing a fresh uantity of petrol to flow into the bell an thence into the container 1,

This operation is repeated lindefinitely, the petrol being vdrawn into the bell 9 by the engine suction, and then delivered into the container 1 whence it passes to 'the' sprayers in the usual manner.

' During the whole period thaty the engine is sucking petrol or other liquid fuel from the tank, the valve 21 is closed, thus preventing all communication between the'carburetor and the atmosphere, whereas the said valve will open immediately the needle valve 14y shuts off the communication with the engine suction pipe.

The ball valve 18 situated in the duct` 15 is intended to prevent any striking back of the flame into the carburetor. If, owing to the defective operation of the engine,

there shouldbe a striking back yof the flame in the passage 16, the suction in this paz*-l sage will cease, so that the valveI 18 will drop vback upon its seat and thus effectually prevent the fiame from reaching the carburetor. A non-return valve not shown will be provided in the pipe connector 6 for preventing the liquid fuel in the carburetor from returning into the tank in the case of the car assuminvr an inclined osition.

In the constructlonal form o Figs. 3 to 6, the carburetor comprises a container a of any suitable dimensions, rovided with the vusual sprayers for norma running and for dead-slow running. The said container is closed at its upper part by a lid b which may be fastened by any device, for instance bya screw not shown on the drawings. Upon the underside of the said lid is secured a hollow cylinder c which is closed at its lower part by a bottom d which may be for instance screwed iri the said cylinder.

Provided in the lid is a duct e connected by a canal f with a passage g provided in the wall of the carburetor body, and opening into a circular groove h provided in the part z' connecting the carburetor with the motor not shown. The said groove is provided oppositeanother similar oove provided in a ring 1', and bored 1n the said roove i are several apertures j arran e in a crown on the external surface of t 1e said ring ,fthe said apertures being thus connectedV with the suction canal of the motor. The duct e opens into the inner part of the cylinder through an -orifice provided Vand which thus ma which may close the canal g controlling'.

the flowing out of the liquid fuel which canal opens into a'seat r2 the position of l which may be regulated.

Arranged upon the upper side of the float o is a vertical rod s, which may act, upon a valve t opening into the openair connect the inside of the container with t e'atmosphere. 'A passage tz provided in the wall of the cylinder c 1s connected with the fuel tank (not shown) through a convenient piping.

The sprayer n for normal running opens lnto' the suctlon canal of the motor through a movable venturi 'v which convenientlyA chokes the said canal and is provided with openings w which may be brought into coincidence with openings of the wall of the throttle valve chamber y. Connected with the venturi lv is a controlling part by which the position of the said ring may be regulated, aswell as the quantity of air admitted through'the orifices w.

The several parts may be controlled by the aid of small links, 'the said links being made inv two parts (Fig. 6) connected` by means of a conical surface .2, the said parts being provided with convenient screws or bolts permitting the said parts to be strongly connected together.

The operation of the said modified carburetor is as follows:

During the working of the engine, there is created through the canals g, e, in the linner part of the cylinder c a partial vacuum which produces by way of the dct t2 a suction in the interior of the fuel tank: the cylinder e being empty, the float occupies the position shown in Fig. 3, the valve p closing` the orifice g controlling the exit of the fuel and the valve n closing the suction orifice m. The ball valve 7e is opened by the suction of the motor for allowing the said suction to operate upon the liquid fuel which then comes and fills the cylinder c.

The level of the fuel raises in the said cylinder, causing the float o to close the suction duct m and to open the orifice g for the fiowing out of the petrol, whilst the rod .s raises the valve t, thus bringing the inside of the cylinder into communication with the atmosphere. Then, the petrol contained in the cylinder' c fiows into the container a, the float is lowered, thus closing anew the orifice g and opening the orifice of the suction canal m, while thevalve t being no longer supported by the rod s rests upon its seat. The suction is again produced through the cylinder c into the fuel tank and the operation is indefinitely resumed.

The liquid fuel is brought by the sprayer u into the chamber y, and in the said chamber, according to the position of` the venturi v there is produced through the orifices fw a supplementary entrance of air which operatesja more complete mixing of the combustible mixture, thus favoring the operation of the motor and saving the' fuel.

The arrangement of the venturi v and of the ring 7", renders the mixture more homo geneous, owing to the two choking actions provided by those parts and which are separated by an expansion chamber.

The :foregoing description of the improved carburetor is given solely by Way of example. It is to be understood that the forms of the partsv may be varied without departing from the essential nature of the invention,

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is l. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a main fuel chamber havingspraying devices, a relatively small fuel chamber suspended in the main chamber and having an opening in its bottom and a passage inits wall opening into the bottom thereof and connected with the fuel supply, a connection between the small chamber and the suction pipe of the motor,

a self closing valve in said connection, a float having guided movement in the small chamber and provided with a needle valve controlling the said connection, an air inlet opening into the small chamber and provided with a self-closing valve held to its seat by the suction and a counter weighted valve mounted on the outer side of the botytom of said small chamber and opening when air .is admitted to the said chamber to allow all the fuel drawn into the said chamber to be discharged into the Inain chamber.

2. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a main fuel chamber having spraying devices, a` relatively small fuel chamber suspended in the main chamber and having an opening in its bottom and a passage in its Wall opening into the bottom thereof and connected with a fuel supply, a connection between the small cham- `ber and opening when air is admitted to the said chamber to allow all the fuel drawn into the said chamber to be dis# charged into the main chamber.

In testimon we have hereunto set our hands at Paris, France, this 21st day of October, 1921.

PIERRE MoRELLINI. VICTOR DUPRAT. HENRI EIsENsoHMIDT. 

